Editor's Note April 11 is He first discovered in 1817, some elderly people often have foot tremors, body stiffness, slowness of movement symptoms, called Since 1997, the European Federation of Parkinson's disease will be April 11 as China's current two million Parkinson's patients, accounting for the world half the total number of Parkinson's patients, and in recent years the number of patients continues to rise, an annual increase of 10 million patients, prevention is extremely critical. Experts point out that the family and society should join hands to Parkinson's patients more care and help.
1996 年 3 19, Chen's suffering from Parkinson's disease, died in Beijing. The removal of the crown of the Goldbach conjecture mathematical scientists were never able to overcome the medical profession He often said humorously:
not the old
Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease, lesions in the brain area. Where a group of nerve cells called neurons in the substantia nigra, which synthesis called When these neurons in the substantia nigra degeneration and death to more than 80%, within the brain neurotransmitter dopamine can not be reduced to maintain the normal function of regulating the nervous system radii thriller black, there will be symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
to always think that Parkinson's disease is a disease of the elderly in fact, age of onset of the disease in recent years have been dropping. In the clinic to see the 40s and 50s are often middle-aged patients with Parkinson disease, these patients often live relatively great pressure, self-demanding, and so the illness is more pain than older patients.
Parkinson's disease once the disease, its symptoms will be accompanied by patient's life, it is particularly important to improve the quality of life of patients. To improve the quality of life of patients, in addition to drugs and some treatments, but also supporting rehabilitation or psychological treatment. Therefore, the treatment of Parkinson's disease can not rely solely on the medical staff, family and society should join hands to Parkinson's patients more care and assistance, so as to build their hope in life.
generally does not affect life expectancy
Parkinson's disease is often called the With treatment and the continuous innovation and improvement, more and more patients to maintain a high level of motor function for life and quality of life. However, if the patient did not receive timely and appropriate treatment, can easily lead to physical function decline, or even life can not take care of themselves, and finally the emergence of various complications such as pneumonia, urinary tract infections.
environmental factors, genetic factors, age factors and chronic stress, may lead to Parkinson's disease symptoms appear.
Parkinson's disease will be tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, postural abnormalities and other symptoms, and Parkinson's disease is a slowly progressive disease, it will be with sick time, symptoms such as tremors and stiffness will gradually increase that life can not take care of themselves. Many Parkinson's patients with advanced limb rigidity, slow movements, difficulty walking, to do anything difficult.
more seriously, often in patients taking medication later, the same as dancing, walking, doing things very exaggerated body movements. Used in the
four symptoms early detection
resting tremor
onset of tremor is often the earliest manifestations usually start from a side of the upper extremity distal to the thumb, index finger and middle finger-based, as in the performance of your fingers rub balls or Shu Chaopiao the same movement, then gradually expand to the same lower extremity and the contralateral limb, late can affect the jaw, lips, tongue and head. Early onset herve leger stores, the patient and do not care about tremor, often fingers or limbs in a time of a particular position, when the change in posture when you disappear. Future development occurs only in the stationary body, such as watching TV or talking with others, the sudden appearance of involuntary limb shaking, trembling when changing positions or to reduce or stop the movement, so as resting tremor, which is Parkinson's disease, tremor of the most important features. Tremor in patients with emotional or mental tension increased, sleep can completely disappear.
Another tremor is characterized by its rhythm, vibration frequency is four to seven times per second. This feature can also help people distinguish other diseases, as a result of chorea, cerebellar disorders, hyperthyroidism and other diseases.
muscle stiffness
patients with Parkinson's limbs and body are usually lost flexibility and become very stiff, the early lesions from the side of the body more than the beginning. Limb movement was not initially a flexible, stiff feeling, and gradually increased, bradykinesia, and even do some daily movements are difficult. If you pick up the patient's arm or leg to help his joints would be clearly felt his body stiffness, the joint is difficult.
bradykinesia
early, because the upper arm muscles and finger muscle rigidity, the patient's upper limbs often can not do fine movements, such as de-tie shoes, button buttons and other actions to become much slower than before, or simply can not be successfully completed.
gradually become difficult to write, handwriting bend, the more the smaller the writing, which is medically known as
facial muscles to reduce the patient rarely blink, his eyes turn also reduced, dull expression, like wearing a mask-like, medically known as the
started walking difficulties, once the opening step, leaning forward, center of gravity forward, small and getting faster and faster pace and can not stop, that is, even disappear; turn difficult to use for several small Scattered to turn.
because of the mouth, tongue, palate and pharynx muscle movement disorders, the patient can not swallow saliva naturally, led to a lot of drooling. Words to reduce the voice is also low, monotonous. Consumption of drinking water can lead to severe cough.
advanced disease, the patient can not sit down to stand on their own, not on their own after the turn over in bed, daily life can not take care of themselves.
special position
Although patients can be affected muscles, increased muscle tone, but still higher than when the flexor extensor tension, hence the patient special position: head forward, torso slightly bent radii straight jacket black white red, upper arm adduction, elbow bent, wrist slightly stretched, the hands of the interphalangeal joint flexion and extension, thumb on the palm, hip and knee slightly bent.
There is also a phenomenon of autonomic dysfunction, such as an increase in saliva and sebaceous glands, sweat secretion increased or decreased, large, difficult and urine excretion of orthostatic hypotension. Small number of patients may be combined dementia or depression and other psychiatric symptoms.
deep brain stimulation to improve symptoms
deep brain stimulation (DBS therapy), is the treatment of Parkinson's disease in recent years, the biggest breakthrough. It is the brain via implanted pacemaker, issuing weak pulse, stimulating the brain that control movement-related nuclei, inhibiting the symptoms of Parkinson's disease caused by abnormal brain signals, thereby eliminating the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, so patients recover original activity.
the latest international research data shows that deep brain stimulation therapy can effectively control not only patients with Parkinson's tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia and other symptoms, greatly improving the quality of life of patients, but also to reduce the dose of anti-Parkinson drugs while eliminating the side effects caused by drug therapy. Clinical and related data indicate that brain pacemaker to resolve drug therapy occurred during the agent can not end the phenomenon of movement, switching phenomenon, dyskinesia and drug therapy in typical Parkinson's disease and other problems caused by shaking.
deep brain stimulation and other surgical methods, the biggest feature is the nuclei is not to destroy, but to regulate its function, it is no longer abnormal nerve impulses sent to the patient's body, resulting in a fundamental on the treatment of patients with clinical symptoms. This approach can also play a slow progression of Parkinson's disease and to increase brain dopamine secretion, and long-term effective control of symptoms. Therefore, more and more patients have received deep brain stimulation. (Beijing Xuanwu Hospital, chief of neurosurgery Li Yongjie)
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